"Analyzing a Speech by Bassam ash-Shakʿa", an Article

This two-page article titled, "Analyzing a speech by Bassam", tackles the following subjects: (1) Familial and tribal relationships and their effect on national unity. (2) The influence of consistent cases of invasions of the Arab region, which have not reacted to the cultural evolution, feudalism, the rule of the church and the higher class. (3) Life on the Arabian Peninsula and its dependence on grazing, which prevented the transition to the agricultural and industrial life that later came to be. (4) The influence of Islam, the Ottoman rule and following mandates on development in the Arab region, which was perceived as an intellectual conflict between the religious and the material.